Question

4. Which of the following accounts for most mutations?

a. Mutations that alter polypeptide primary structure and mutations
that do not
b. Nucleotide misreads and sugar substitutions
c. Base substitutions and base deletions
d. Translations and inversions
e. None of the choices are correct

Answer 1

c. Base substitutions and base deletions

Step-by-step explanation:

A mutation is any change in the DNA sequence (i.e., the genome) of the cells of a particular organism. Mutations may result of 1-substitutions of one of the four nucleotide bases (Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine and Guanine) by other nucleotide bases (for example, when Adenine is replaced by Cytosine), 2-deletions, where one or more bases are removed from the DNA sequence, and 3-insertions, where one or more nucleotide bases are added to the DNA sequence. Insertions and deletions are collectively referred to as 'indels' (insertion/deletion) mutations.