2.4.1
A. Ants are insects ,and insects belong to the phylum Arthropoda.
B. Sponges are the members of the phylum Porifera.
C. tapeworms are from the flatworm phylum, i.e. Platyhelminthes.
2.4.2
Ants have bilateral symmetry, such symmetry implies that the animal has a single plane of symmetry, the sagittal plane, which divides it into two mirror images.
2.4.3
With this symmetry, two axes of polarity are defined: the anterior-posterior (AP) axis and the dorsal-ventral axis. The definition of an AP axis is particularly useful for locomotion, because it determines a direction in which the animal can move allows streamlining to reduce drag.