Question

Urgently need help with question 32, is it valid or not valid & is the argument sound or not?

Answer 1

32. Invalid and unsound.

Explanation:

If an argument is sound, then it is valid and has all true premises. Since it is valid, the argument is such that if all the premises are true, then the conclusion must be true. A sound argument really does have all true premises so it does actually follow that its conclusion must be true. Therefore, for 32:

`\text{ Since the premises are NOT true or are not totally related, this is an invalid argument.}`

An invalid argument ALWAYS is unsound.

Not all women are queens.