Final answer:
The banishments of Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams in the Massachusetts Bay Colony were influenced by their challenge to religious orthodoxy and authority.
Step-by-step explanation:
The banishments of Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams in the Massachusetts Bay Colony were primarily influenced by their challenge to the religious orthodoxy and the authority of the Puritan leaders. Hutchinson criticized the practices of the Puritan ministers and claimed to have direct religious revelation, undermining the minister's authority. Williams questioned the taking of Native land by the Puritans and argued for a complete separation from the Church of England. These challenges to religious and political authority led to their banishment from the colony.
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