To calculate the budget deficit in 2012, you need to follow these steps:
1. Find the total government revenue for 2012: This includes all sources of income for the government during that year, such as taxes, fees, and other revenue streams. Let's say it's $X.
2. Find the total government expenditure for 2012: This includes all government spending during that year, such as on defense, social programs, infrastructure, etc. Let's say it's $Y.
3. Calculate the budget deficit: The budget deficit is the difference between total government expenditure (Y) and total government revenue (X). The formula is: Deficit = Expenditure - Revenue.
So, the budget deficit in 2012 would be:
Deficit = Y - X
Plug in the actual values for Y and X to calculate the deficit.