Step-by-step explanation:
The field of study you're describing is known as "Epidemiology." Epidemiology is the study of the occurrence, distribution, and determinants of health-related states or events in specific populations. It also involves the application of this knowledge to understand and control health problems, including the prevention and management of diseases. Epidemiologists gather and analyze data to identify patterns and factors that influence public health, ultimately helping to improve public health outcomes.