Answer:
RNA polymerase knows when to stop and release the mRNA molecule through a process called transcription termination. In prokaryotes, this typically involves the recognition of terminator sequences in the DNA, which lead to the formation of a hairpin-like secondary structure in the mRNA. This structure destabilizes the RNA polymerase-DNA interaction, causing the RNA polymerase to detach from the DNA template, releasing the newly synthesized mRNA. In eukaryotes, transcription termination is more complex and involves the recognition of specific sequences by cleavage and polyadenylation factors, resulting in the cleavage and release of the mRNA. These termination signals and mechanisms ensure that the mRNA is accurately synthesized and released at the appropriate location in the cell.
Step-by-step explanation: