Final answer:
The goddess who punished the sons of Atreus was Artemis. Their disrespect to Artemis resulted in the delay of the Greek fleet to sail for Troy. The sons of Atreus, Agamemnon and Menelaus, were key figures in the Trojan War.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sons of Atreus, Agamemnon and Menelaus, indeed acting or claimed to be doing so on the orders of Zeus, called down the wrath of the goddess Artemis upon themselves. This came as they prepared to sail for Troy. The role of the sons of Atreus in Greek mythology is quite significant as they were key figures in the Trojan War, which was one of the most important events in Greek mythology. Agamemnon, the elder of the two, was the leader of the Greek forces during the Trojan War. Menelaus, the younger brother, was the husband of Helen of Troy, whose abduction by Paris of Troy led to the war. As for the consequences of the sons of Atreus' actions, notably their disrespect to Artemis, the most immediate outcome was a delay in their voyage to Troy due to no winds to sail their ships, which was a hindrance set by Artemis.
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