Question

NEED ANSWERS ASAP!!!!!!

Unit 2.2 (Ch. 10) Study Guide. (CR = cellular respiration)

1. What happens to energy when food is broken down?
2. In what type of organisms does cellular respiration occur?
3. What photosynthesis product(s) is necessary for cellular respiration?
4. How many ATP molecules are formed (net) during glycolysis?
5. What would happen if glycolysis occurs in a yeast cell in a low oxygen environment (next)?
6. What builds up in muscle cells used repeatedly without much oxygen?
7. How are glycolysis and anaerobic respiration different?
8. What are all the products of the Kreb’s cycle?
9. During what phase of CR is water produced?
10. Which phase is C02 given off?
11. What is the end product of the electron transport chain?
12. What are the 3 big steps of aerobic respiration?
13. Where does lactic acid fermentation occur?
14. During alcoholic fermentation, what substance is ethyl alcohol produced from?
15. What does oxygen do with the electrons is receives during the ETC?
16. What enzyme is present at the end of the ETC?
17. What is chemiosis in CR?
18. Where does the Krebs cycle take place?
19. What are the products of glycolysis?
20. How many NADH molecules are made in the Krebs cycle per one molecule of glucose?
21. How many turns of the Krebs cycle does one molecule of glucose create?
22. What are the 2 important products of the ETC?
23. How many net ATPs are created by glycolysis and Krebs together?
24. What occurs in lactic acid fermentation?
25. What coenzyme must pyruvic acid be converted into for the Krebs cycle?
26. What stage of CR makes the most ATP?

Answer 1

Oh, my dear, your urgency is contagious! Let's tackle these questions about cellular respiration in a flash!

1. When food is broken down, the energy stored in the food molecules is released. This energy is then used by the cells for various metabolic processes.

2. Cellular respiration occurs in all types of organisms, including plants, animals, and even microorganisms like bacteria and fungi.

3. The product of photosynthesis, glucose, is necessary for cellular respiration. Glucose is broken down during cellular respiration to produce energy.

4. During glycolysis, a net of 2 ATP molecules are formed.

5. If glycolysis occurs in a yeast cell in a low oxygen environment, it would undergo fermentation rather than proceeding to aerobic respiration. This fermentation process in yeast is known as alcoholic fermentation.

6. When muscle cells are used repeatedly without much oxygen, lactic acid builds up in the cells. This can lead to muscle fatigue or soreness.

7. Glycolysis is the first step of cellular respiration and occurs in the cytoplasm, while anaerobic respiration refers to the subsequent processes that occur in the absence of oxygen, such as fermentation.

8. The products of the Krebs cycle include ATP, NADH, FADH2, and carbon dioxide (CO2).

9. Water is produced during the electron transport chain (ETC) phase of cellular respiration.

10. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is given off during the Krebs cycle.

11. The end product of the electron transport chain is ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the energy currency of the cell.

12. The three big steps of aerobic respiration are glycolysis, the Krebs cycle (also known as the citric acid cycle), and the electron transport chain.

13. Lactic acid fermentation occurs in muscle cells during strenuous exercise when oxygen is limited.

14. During alcoholic fermentation, ethyl alcohol is produced from the breakdown of glucose.

15. Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor during the electron transport chain. It combines with electrons and protons to form water.

16. The enzyme present at the end of the electron transport chain is ATP synthase.

17. Chemiosmosis is the process by which ATP is produced during cellular respiration through the flow of protons across a membrane.

18. The Krebs cycle takes place in the mitochondria of the cell.

19. The products of glycolysis are 2 molecules of pyruvate, 2 molecules of ATP, and 2 molecules of NADH.

20. In the Krebs cycle, for each molecule of glucose, 6 NADH molecules are made.

21. One molecule of glucose creates 2 turns of the Krebs cycle.

22. The two important products of the electron transport chain are ATP and water.

23. Glycolysis and the Krebs cycle together produce a net of 4 ATP molecules.

24. Lactic acid fermentation occurs when pyruvic acid is converted into lactic acid, regenerating NAD+ for glycolysis to continue.

25. Pyruvic acid must be converted into acetyl-CoA for the Krebs cycle. The coenzyme involved in this conversion is Coenzyme A (CoA).

26. The electron transport chain (ETC) produces the most ATP during cellular respiration.

Whew! We made it through all the questions! Keep up your enthusiasm for biology, my dear!

Answer 2

1. When food is broken down through digestion and metabolism, the energy stored in the food molecules is released and converted into a form of energy that cells can use, primarily in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

2. Cellular respiration occurs in all types of organisms, including both eukaryotes (like animals, plants, and fungi) and prokaryotes (like bacteria).

3. The necessary product of photosynthesis for cellular respiration is glucose, which is a sugar produced during the photosynthesis process in plants.

4. During glycolysis, a net of 2 ATP molecules are formed.

5. If glycolysis occurs in a yeast cell in a low oxygen environment, the yeast cell will undergo fermentation, specifically alcoholic fermentation, to continue generating ATP anaerobically.

6. Lactic acid builds up in muscle cells used repeatedly without much oxygen during anaerobic respiration.

7. Glycolysis is the first step in both glycolysis and anaerobic respiration. The main difference is that glycolysis is followed by the Krebs cycle and the electron transport chain in aerobic respiration, while in anaerobic respiration, it's followed by fermentation processes.

8. The products of the Krebs cycle include ATP, NADH, FADH2, and carbon dioxide (CO2).

9. Water is produced during the electron transport chain (ETC) phase of cellular respiration.

10. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is given off during the Krebs cycle.

11. The end product of the electron transport chain (ETC) is water (H2O) when oxygen is present as the final electron acceptor.

12. The three big steps of aerobic respiration are glycolysis, the Krebs cycle (also known as the citric acid cycle), and the electron transport chain.

13. Lactic acid fermentation occurs in the muscles and some microorganisms like certain bacteria.

14. During alcoholic fermentation, ethyl alcohol (ethanol) is produced from pyruvic acid.

15. Oxygen accepts electrons at the end of the electron transport chain (ETC) to form water.

16. The enzyme present at the end of the electron transport chain is ATP synthase.

17. Chemiosmosis in cellular respiration is the process where the flow of protons (H+) through ATP synthase drives the synthesis of ATP.

18. The Krebs cycle takes place in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells.

19. The products of glycolysis include 2 ATP molecules, 2 NADH molecules, and 2 pyruvate molecules.

20. In the Krebs cycle, for one molecule of glucose, 6 NADH molecules, 2 FADH2 molecules, and 2 ATP molecules are produced.

21. One molecule of glucose creates two turns of the Krebs cycle.

22. The two important products of the electron transport chain (ETC) are ATP and water (H2O).

23. Glycolysis and the Krebs cycle together produce a net of 4 ATP molecules (2 from glycolysis and 2 from the Krebs cycle).

24. Lactic acid fermentation occurs in the absence of oxygen, and it involves the conversion of pyruvic acid into lactic acid.

25. Pyruvic acid must be converted into acetyl-CoA before it can enter the Krebs cycle, and this conversion requires coenzyme A (CoA).

26. The stage of cellular respiration that makes the most ATP is the electron transport chain (ETC), where a large number of ATP molecules are generated by oxidative phosphorylation.