Final answer:
Scalawags were white southerners who supported Republican policies in the South, while carpetbaggers were northerners that came to the South for economic gain during Reconstruction.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the Reconstruction era after the Civil War, there were two groups that were often criticized in the South: scalawags and carpetbaggers.
Scalawags were white southerners who supported Republican policies in the South. They allied themselves with carpetbaggers, who were northerners that came to the South to make a fortune during Reconstruction. These individuals cooperated with the Federal authorities and were seen as disruptive and dangerous by those who wanted to restore the old social order.
Therefore, the correct answer is A. Whites and northerners who supported Republican policies in the south.