The specific gravity of a solution is defined as the ratio of the density of the solution to the density of water at a specific temperature. To calculate the specific gravity, you need to know the masses of the components and the volume of the resulting solution.
Given:
- Mass of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) = 121 g
- Volume of water added = 400 ml
- Total volume of the resulting solution = 437 ml
First, let's calculate the mass of water added:
Mass of water = Volume of water × Density of water
The density of water at room temperature (approximately 20°C) is close to 1 g/ml.
Mass of water = 400 ml × 1 g/ml = 400 g
Now, you have the mass of sulfuric acid and the mass of water in the solution. To find the total mass of the resulting solution, simply add these two masses:
Total mass of solution = Mass of sulfuric acid + Mass of water
Total mass of solution = 121 g + 400 g = 521 g
Now, you know the total mass of the solution (521 g) and the total volume of the solution (437 ml). To calculate the specific gravity, divide the total mass by the total volume:
Specific Gravity = Total Mass of Solution / Total Volume of Solution
Specific Gravity = 521 g / 437 ml ≈ 1.191
So, the specific gravity of the resulting solution is approximately 1.191.