Answer:
The two ancient Greek civilizations that absorbed ideas from Egypt and Mesopotamia were the Minoans and the Mycenaeans.
1. The Minoans: The Minoan civilization existed on the island of Crete during the Bronze Age (circa 3000-1100 BCE). They had extensive contact with the Egyptians and Mesopotamians through trade routes. The Minoans absorbed ideas such as the use of hieroglyphics and wall paintings from the Egyptians, as well as architectural and artistic techniques from Mesopotamia. They also adopted elements of Mesopotamian religious beliefs and rituals.
2. The Mycenaeans: The Mycenaean civilization flourished on the Greek mainland during the Late Bronze Age (circa 1600-1100 BCE). They had strong trade connections with both Egypt and Mesopotamia. The Mycenaeans adopted elements of Egyptian culture, such as the use of frescoes in their artwork and the practice of mummification. From Mesopotamia, they absorbed ideas related to writing, administration, and urban planning.
These cultural exchanges between the Minoans, Mycenaeans, Egyptians, and Mesopotamians played a significant role in shaping the development of ancient Greek civilization. The assimilation of ideas from these advanced societies contributed to the growth and sophistication of Greek art, architecture, writing, and religious practices.
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