The correct statement about valence electrons is:
2. They exist in the outer orbital.
Valence electrons are the electrons located in the outermost energy level or orbital of an atom. These electrons are involved in chemical bonding and determining the reactivity and properties of an element. The outermost orbital is also known as the valence shell.
Valence electrons have the highest energy level among the electrons in an atom. They are responsible for interactions between atoms and are involved in forming chemical bonds. Due to their location in the outer orbital, valence electrons are more accessible and can interact with other atoms to form compounds.
Valence electrons play a crucial role in various chemical processes, including the formation of ionic bonds, covalent bonds, and metallic bonds. The number of valence electrons influences an element's chemical behavior, such as its ability to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration.
Understanding the concept of valence electrons is fundamental in chemistry as it helps explain the behavior and properties of elements and their interactions in chemical reactions.