The main difference between how the United States acquired Alaska and how it acquired Hawaii lies in the circumstances and methods of acquisition:
1. Acquisition of Alaska:
- Purchase: The United States acquired Alaska from Russia through a purchase known as the Alaska Purchase. In 1867, the U.S. Secretary of State, William H. Seward, negotiated a deal with Russia to purchase Alaska for $7.2 million.
- Motivation: The U.S. government saw the strategic and economic potential of Alaska, which was rich in natural resources such as gold, timber, and fish. They believed that Alaska could provide valuable opportunities for trade and expansion.
- Public Reaction: Initially, the purchase of Alaska was met with skepticism and criticism. Many people referred to it as "Seward's Folly" or "Seward's Icebox." However, over time, Alaska proved to be a valuable acquisition for its resources and strategic importance.
2. Acquisition of Hawaii:
- Annexation: The United States acquired Hawaii through a process of annexation. In 1898, Hawaii was annexed by the United States following the overthrow of the Hawaiian monarchy in 1893.
- Political Influence: The United States had significant political and economic influence in Hawaii, with American settlers and businesses playing a prominent role in the islands' affairs. American planters, mainly involved in the sugar industry, exerted considerable influence over the Hawaiian government.
- Annexation Resolution: The annexation of Hawaii was formalized through the Newlands Resolution, which was passed by the U.S. Congress in 1898. The resolution established Hawaii as a U.S. territory.
The acquisition of Alaska and Hawaii showcased different approaches by the United States. Alaska was purchased from Russia, while Hawaii was annexed following political influence and the overthrow of the monarchy. Both acquisitions played significant roles in expanding American territory and advancing U.S. interests in different parts of the world.