Answer:
Albinism: Albinism is a genetic disorder characterized by a lack of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes, resulting in a pale appearance and often visual impairments.
Melasma: Melasma is a skin condition characterized by dark, irregular patches on the face, primarily affecting women and often triggered or worsened by sun exposure and hormonal changes.
Vitiligo: Vitiligo is a skin disorder that causes the loss of skin pigment, resulting in white patches on the skin due to the destruction of melanocytes, the cells responsible for pigmentation.
Addison's Disease: Addison's disease is a rare autoimmune disorder that affects the adrenal glands, leading to insufficient production of hormones like cortisol and aldosterone, causing fatigue, low blood pressure, and other symptoms.
Post-Inflammatory Hyperpigmentation: Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is a skin condition where dark spots or patches develop after inflammation or injury to the skin, such as acne, eczema, or burns, often resolving over time.