Final answer:
A hypothesis and a theory have a relationship where a theory can be used to evaluate the merit of a hypothesis.
Step-by-step explanation:
A hypothesis and a theory are both important components of the scientific method, but they have different roles and relationships. A hypothesis is a specific, testable prediction made to explain a phenomenon or answer a research question. It is the initial step in the scientific method and is based on observations and previous knowledge. On the other hand, a theory is a well-substantiated explanation of a phenomenon that is supported by a large body of evidence. A theory is more comprehensive and broader in scope compared to a hypothesis.
The relationship between a hypothesis and a theory is that a theory can be used to evaluate the merit of a hypothesis. When a hypothesis is tested and supported by a significant amount of evidence, it can contribute to the development of a theory. The theory incorporates the hypothesis and provides a framework for understanding and explaining the phenomenon in a more general context. Therefore, option d, 'A theory can be used to evaluate the merit of a hypothesis,' is the correct answer.
Learn more about Hypothesis and theory