Answer:
If right heart failure is allowed to progress, it can lead to a condition known as "congestive heart failure" or "congestive heart failure (CHF)." This occurs when the heart's right ventricle is unable to effectively pump blood to the lungs for oxygenation. As a result, several complications and symptoms can arise, including:
1. **Fluid Retention**: The inability of the right ventricle to pump effectively can lead to fluid backup in the body, causing swelling (edema) in the legs, ankles, and abdomen.
2. **Shortness of Breath**: As fluid accumulates in the lungs (pulmonary congestion), it can lead to shortness of breath, especially during physical activity or when lying flat (orthopnea).
3. **Fatigue**: Reduced cardiac output and inefficient oxygenation of the blood can lead to fatigue and weakness.
4. **Reduced Exercise Tolerance**: Patients with congestive heart failure often have limited exercise tolerance due to the heart's impaired ability to meet the body's oxygen demands.
5. **Cyanosis**: In severe cases, insufficient oxygenation of the blood can lead to a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes, known as cyanosis.
6. **Enlarged Liver**: Backed-up blood can cause the liver to become enlarged and congested.
7. **Ascites**: In advanced cases, fluid accumulation in the abdomen (ascites) can occur.
8. **Right-Sided Heart Enlargement**: The right ventricle may become enlarged and weakened over time.
If left untreated or unmanaged, congestive heart failure can be life-threatening. It's crucial to seek medical attention and follow a treatment plan that may include medications, lifestyle changes, and, in some cases, surgical interventions to address the underlying causes and manage the condition effectively. Early intervention and proper management are key to improving outcomes for individuals with heart failure.