1.Territory : A nation must have a territory where it inhabits. A territory is a geographical area of a particular state or nation and this is very essential for a nation . Most of the time the territory is small unlike that of a state
2.Common Language : Unlike a state where language may differ , in Nation language are likely to be common and of the same tongue as the history and traditions are the same
3. Sovereignty : Sovereignty is a fundamental principle of international law, which refers to the authority of a nation to govern itself and its people without outside interference. A sovereign nation is one that has full control over its territory and internal affairs, and is not subject to the authority of any other nation or international body. This means that a sovereign nation has the power to make and enforce its own laws, and to enter into international agreements. It also means that other nations cannot interfere in its domestic affairs, or occupy its territory without its consent. So, in short, sovereignty is the ultimate authority that a nation has over its own affairs.
4.Government : , a government is the institution or system that exercises authority over a nation.IThe government also represents the nation in international affairs and protects its sovereignty.So, a government is basically the system that keeps a nation functioning and ensures that its citizens are safe and have their basic needs met.
Other things that makes a nation
-Population
-History
-Economy
-Recognition
Note: A nation is different from a state
Sorry for the long answer