Explanation:
Staat with the V-shaped equation y = | x | and then manipulate it as needed :
9. Shift RIGHT 2 units : y = | x -2|
and UP two units y= | x-2| + 2
10. Steepen the grpah by 2 y = |2x|
11. Invert the graph: y = - | x |
shift 3 units LEFT y = - |x+3|
and shift DOWN 1 unit y = -|x+3| -1