Answer: This is a complex question, but the answer is in the explanation
Step-by-step explanation:
1. **Speaker Description**: The speaker in all these quotations is Nelson Mandela, a prominent anti-apartheid activist and the first black president of South Africa.
2. **Ideas Conveyed**:
- In the first quotation (1953), Mandela emphasizes the importance of equality between Africans and Europeans, advocating for education as a means to empower African children.
- In the second quotation (1961), he calls on Africans not to cooperate with a government based on force and to unite against oppression and tyranny.
- In the third quotation (1964), Mandela admits to planning sabotage, but he justifies it as a response to years of tyranny and oppression rather than a love for violence.
- In the fourth quotation (1975), Mandela expresses resilience and determination in the face of difficulties and oppression.
- In the fifth quotation (1994), he speaks of the end of apartheid and the hope for a future of freedom and equality.
- In the sixth quotation (1995), Mandela emphasizes the importance of reconciliation and working with former enemies to achieve peace.
3. **Intended Audience**:
- In the first quotation (1953), Mandela is addressing the Congress of the African National Congress, which suggests his audience is primarily African activists and leaders.
- In the second quotation (1961), he is addressing Henrick Verwoerd, the Prime Minister of South Africa at the time, indicating his message is directed at the government.
- In the third quotation (1964), Mandela is speaking at his Rivonia Trial, likely addressing the court and the international community.
- In the fourth quotation (1975), he is writing a letter to his wife, Winnie Mandela, expressing personal thoughts and resilience during his imprisonment.
- In the fifth quotation (1994), Mandela is addressing a broader audience at his presidential inauguration in South Africa, including both South Africans and the international community.
- In the sixth quotation (1995), he is reflecting on the importance of reconciliation and peace in his autobiography, "The Long Walk to Freedom," likely reaching a global readership.
These quotations showcase Mandela's commitment to equality, resistance against oppression, resilience, and his vision of a united, peaceful South Africa. His audience varies from specific government figures to broader national and international audiences throughout his life.