Final answer:
The crate is subject to gravitational force, normal force, frictional force, and tension force from the rope. Long-range force would be gravity. A free-body diagram is useful for visualizing and solving for these forces.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a crate is pulled up a rough inclined wood board by a tow rope, several forces act upon it. The forces acting on the crate include:
- Gravitational force (weight of the crate acting downwards).
- Normal force perpendicular to the inclined surface exerted by the wood board.
- Frictional force opposing the motion due to the roughness of the inclined surface.
- Tension force in the tow rope pulling the crate upwards along the inclined plane.
- Any applied external force moving the crate along the inclined plane.
The long-range force acting on the crate would be the gravitational force, which acts at a distance.
When analyzing such a problem, it is essential to draw a free-body diagram to represent all of the forces acting on the object. Remembering that force is a vector, we can use vector addition to find the net force and then apply Newton's second law to solve for various unknowns in the problem.