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Find the series representation of the function (1−x) 2

x 3

using the derivatives of 1−
1

=∑ n=0
[infinity]

x n
in ∣x∣<1

1 Answer

2 votes

Answer:

To find the series representation of the function \(f(x) = \frac{(1-x)^2}{x^3}\) using the derivatives of \(\frac{1}{1-x} = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty}x^n\) for \(|x| < 1\), we can make use of the properties of power series and the rules for differentiation. We'll start by finding the derivative of \(\frac{1}{1-x}\) and then use it to find the derivative of \(f(x)\).

First, we know that:

\[

\frac{1}{1-x} = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty}x^n \quad \text{for } |x| < 1.

\]

Taking the derivative of both sides with respect to \(x\):

\[

\frac{d}{dx}\left(\frac{1}{1-x}\right) = \frac{d}{dx}\left(\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}x^n\right).

\]

Let's find the derivative of the left-hand side first:

\[

\frac{d}{dx}\left(\frac{1}{1-x}\right) = \frac{d}{dx}\left((1-x)^{-1}\right) = (1-x)^{-2} \cdot (-1) = -\frac{1}{(1-x)^2}.

\]

Now, find the derivative of the right-hand side:

\[

\frac{d}{dx}\left(\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}x^n\right) = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty}\frac{d}{dx}(x^n).

\]

The derivative of \(x^n\) with respect to \(x\) is \(nx^{n-1}\), so:

\[

\frac{d}{dx}(x^n) = nx^{n-1}.

\]

Therefore, the right-hand side becomes:

\[

\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}nx^{n-1}.

\]

Now, we equate the two derivatives:

\[

-\frac{1}{(1-x)^2} = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty}nx^{n-1}.

\]

Next, we can rewrite the series on the right-hand side with an index shift, so that it starts at \(n = 0\):

\[

-\frac{1}{(1-x)^2} = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty}nx^{n-1} = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty}(n+1)x^n.

\]

Now, let's multiply both sides of this equation by \((1-x)^2\):

\[

-\frac{1}{(1-x)^2}(1-x)^2 = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty}(n+1)x^n(1-x)^2.

\]

Simplify:

\[

-1 = \sum_{n=0}^{\infty}(n+1)x^n(1-x)^2.

\]

Finally, we can use this result to find the series representation of \(f(x) = \frac{(1-x)^2}{x^3}\). We'll multiply both sides by \(\frac{(1-x)^2}{x^3}\):

\[

f(x) = \frac{(1-x)^2}{x^3} = -\frac{1}{x^3}\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}(n+1)x^n(1-x)^2.

\]

So, the series representation of \(f(x)\) is:

\[

f(x) = -\sum_{n=0}^{\infty}(n+1)x^{n-3}(1-x)^2 \quad \text{for } |x| < 1.

\]

This is the desired series representation of \(f(x)\).

Explanation:

answered
User Meiamsome
by
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