Answer:
The country where Nationalists led a successful rebellion against its sultan and then implemented significant government reforms with an emphasis on modernization is Turkey. The leader of this transformative process was Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who played a pivotal role in establishing the modern Turkish Republic in the early 1920s after the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. Atatürk's reforms aimed to modernize and secularize Turkish society and government, which included changes in areas such as language, law, education, and political structure. This period of reform is often referred to as the Kemalist era or Atatürk's reforms.
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