Answer:
During the early to mid-1800s, social and economic conditions for African Americans differed between the Upper South and the Deep South. In the Upper South, free people of color mainly lived in urban areas, working as household servants or as sailors in port cities. In contrast, the Deep South’s economy was determined by cotton and sugar, which was produced by slaves because of the intense labor. African Americans in the South still lived under the shadow of slavery and could not travel or assemble like Northerners, nor could they own businesses or churches.