Final answer:
The 1963 campaign to integrate public facilities and open jobs to blacks in Birmingham, Alabama was led by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., a key figure in the civil rights movement. The campaign was a critical part of the wider push for civil rights, and directly contributed to the passing of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Step-by-step explanation:
The 1963 campaign to integrate public facilities and open jobs to blacks in Birmingham, Alabama was led by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., a prominent leader during the civil rights movement in the United States. This campaign is often referred to as the Birmingham Campaign. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., as leader of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC), spearheaded these non-violent protests, including sit-ins, marches, and boycotts, to confront the city's discrimination and segregation policies. These actions triggered a crisis that eventually led to the desegregation of public facilities in Birmingham and the passing of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which banned racial and gender discrimination in hiring practices and public services nationally.
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