Final answer:
Gustave Courbet is known for making brushwork an important part of his painting instead of something to be hidden, thus setting a standard that influenced the emergence of Impressionism.
Step-by-step explanation:
The artist among the options who made brushwork an important part of his painting instead of something to be hidden is Gustave Courbet. Courbet's approach to art was based on the belief that he should paint only what he could see, adhering to the principles of Realism. This belief translated into his painting technique, which involved bold brushstrokes and the use of a palette knife, often resulting in a rough texture that contrasted sharply with the polished Neoclassicist style. His work had an emphasis on contemporary life and social consciousness and laid the foundation for the emergence of Impressionism, influencing other artists like Monet and Renoir.