Final answer:
The breaking of rocks due to plate movement is called an earthquake, which is a result of the movement of tectonic plates as explained by plate tectonics theory.
Step-by-step explanation:
When plate movement causes rocks to break, the process is known as earthquakes. Plate tectonics describe how slow motions within Earth's mantle move large segments of the crust, which can lead to various geological features and phenomena. For example, the movement or shift where two tectonic plates meet can result in earthquakes, and this activity is generally associated with volcanic activity as well. Plate tectonics serves as a cooling system for the planet, allowing it to transport heat from the interior out to space.