i. What was the total income for each of this case?
We are not given enough information about the original invoice or payment amount to determine Harvey's total income.
ii. How do you know?
We do not have any details about the original bill or payment to calculate Harvey's total income. All we know is that Harvey later decided to give the shop owner a $20 tip.
Case 1:
i. Is the water pump a direct expense?
Yes, the water pump is a direct expense.
ii. How do you know?
Direct expenses are costs that can be traced directly to a specific job or activity. Since Phil knows he needed and used the specific water pump to fix Mr. Jones' car, it is a direct expense for that repair job.
Case 2:
i. Is the gasket sealant a direct expense?
Yes, the gasket sealant is a direct expense.
ii. How do you know?
Like the water pump, Phil knows he specifically needed and used the gasket sealant to replace the water pump on Mr. Jones' Volvo. Therefore, the sealant is a direct expense for that repair job.