The philosophes argued that religion did not need to guide morality; other doctrines could do that instead. They believed that moral principles could be derived from reason and logic rather than relying on religious teachings. According to the philosophes, ethics and moral values could be understood through rational thinking and natural law. They emphasized the importance of individual freedom and reason in determining what is right and wrong, rather than blindly following religious doctrines. By promoting secular ethics and humanism, the philosophes sought to challenge the authority of organized religion and promote a more rational and enlightened society.