The pH scale measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution based on the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+). The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with pH 7 considered neutral, pH values below 7 acidic, and pH values above 7 alkaline.
To calculate the hydrogen ion concentration, you can use the equation:
[H+] = 10^(-pH)
In this case, for a solution with a pH of 12.5, the hydrogen ion concentration can be calculated as:
[H+] = 10^(-12.5)
Converting this to a decimal:
[H+] ≈ 3.16 x 10^(-13) moles per liter (mol/L)
So, the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution with a pH of 12.5 is approximately 3.16 x 10^(-13) mol/L.