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By using the Lagrange method find the maximum value of point on the surface \( f(x, y)=49-x^{2}-y^{2} \) on the line \( x+y=3 \). Maximum file size: 250MB, maximum number of files: 1

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Answer:

We want to find the maximum value of the surface \(f(x, y) = 49 - x^2 - y^2\) subject to the constraint \(x + y = 3\). We can use the method of Lagrange multipliers to solve the problem. Let

$$g(x,y) = x+y-3,$$

and consider the function

$$F(x,y,\lambda) = f(x,y) - \lambda g(x,y) = 49 - x^2 - y^2 - \lambda(x+y-3).$$

Then, we need to find the critical points of \(F(x,y,\lambda)\), which satisfy the following system of equations:

\begin{align}

\frac{\partial F}{\partial x} &= -2x - \lambda = 0, \\

\frac{\partial F}{\partial y} &= -2y - \lambda = 0, \\

\frac{\partial F}{\partial \lambda} &= x + y - 3 = 0.

\end{align}

The first two equations yield that \(x = -\frac{\lambda}{2}\) and \(y = -\frac{\lambda}{2}\). Substituting these into the third equation, we get \(-\lambda + (-\lambda) - 3 = 0\), which implies that \(\lambda = -\frac{3}{2}\). Thus, the critical point is

$$(x,y) = \left(\frac{3}{2}, \frac{3}{2}\right).$$

We also need to check the endpoints of the line segment. When \(x = 0\), we have \(y = 3\), and when \(y = 0\), we have \(x = 3\). We evaluate the function \(f(x,y)\) at these three points:

\begin{align*}

f(0,3) &= 40, \\

f(3,0) &= 40, \\

f\left(\frac{3}{2}, \frac{3}{2}\right) &= 42.25 - \frac{27}{4} = \frac{11}{4}.

\end{align*}

Therefore, the maximum value of the surface \(f(x, y) = 49 - x^2 - y^2\) on the line \(x + y = 3\) is \(\boxed{\frac{11}{4}}\), which occurs at the point \(\left(\frac{3}{2}, \frac{3}{2}\right)\).

answered
User Cpilko
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