Two places in Africa that resisted European colonization by the early 1900s are:
1. Ethiopia: King Menelik II was able to successfully avoid becoming a colony of European powers by playing them off against each other and modernizing his army with European weapons.
2. Wassoulou Empire: In densely populated West Africa, many different states and independent societies resisted colonialism. The Wassoulou Empire resisted French colonialism between 1886 and 1896.
Other African resistance movements against colonialism varied greatly over time and ranged from all-out war to fighting with words and logic. Resistance movements began to rise in Africa after 1900, as Europe introduced changes to colonial rule in an effort to increase revenues from the colonies. These changes included taking land from African people and giving it to the growing number of Europeans in the colonies, as well as the introduction of taxes like the hut tax and poll tax that forced Africans to work for European settlers.