Here is a table listing the major components found in semen, along with their relative amounts, site of production, and function:
Component Relative Amount Site of Production Function
Spermatozoa 2-5% Testes Fertilization of female gametes
Seminal Fluid 65-75% Seminal Vesicles, Prostate Gland, Bulbourethral Glands Provides nutrients and energy for spermatozoa, alkaline pH to neutralize acidic environment of the female reproductive tract
Prostaglandins < 1% Seminal Vesicles, Prostate Gland Stimulate uterine contractions and facilitate movement of spermatozoa through the female reproductive tract
Fructose 5-8 mM Seminal Vesicles Provides energy for spermatozoa
Citrate 50-150 mM Prostate Gland Provides energy for spermatozoa
Acid phosphatase < 1% Prostate Gland Breaks down proteins in the female reproductive tract to facilitate movement of spermatozoa
Zinc 3-4 mM Prostate Gland Essential for sperm formation and function
Fibrinolysin < 1% Seminal Vesicles Breaks down fibrin clots in the female reproductive tract to facilitate movement of spermatozoa
Enzymes (e.g. proteases, lipases) < 1% Prostate Gland, Seminal Vesicles Facilitate breakdown of cervical mucus and other barriers in the female reproductive tract
Note that the relative amounts and specific functions of these components may vary somewhat depending on the individual and other factors.