Question

The Tibetans and Han Chinese share several genetic traits and DNA. However, the EPAS1 gene, which increases the ability of red blood cells to carry oxygen even in low oxygen environments, is only commonly found in the Tibetan population that live in higher elevations. Explain why this gene is only common in Tibetan populations from the perspective of competitive advantage and natural selection. Write your answer in three to five sentences.(4 points)

Answer 1

The EPAS1 gene is only common in Tibetan populations because it gives them a competitive advantage in high-altitude environments. People with the EPAS1 gene have more red blood cells, which can carry more oxygen. This allows them to breathe more easily and perform better at high altitudes. Over time, the Tibetan population with the EPAS1 gene has been able to survive and reproduce more successfully than those without the gene, leading to its increased prevalence in the population.