Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
Global warming refers to the long-term increase in Earth's average surface temperature due to human activities, particularly the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere.
Sea Levels:
Thermal Expansion: As the Earth's temperature rises, the oceans absorb heat, causing the water to expand. This thermal expansion is one of the main contributors to rising sea levels.
Melting of Glaciers and Ice Sheets: Higher temperatures accelerate the melting of glaciers and ice sheets, such as those in Greenland and Antarctica. The water released from these sources adds to the volume of the oceans, further contributing to rising sea levels.
The disintegration of Ice Shelves: Warmer temperatures can lead to the disintegration of ice shelves, which are floating extensions of glaciers. When ice shelves collapse or break, the glaciers behind them can flow more quickly into the ocean, increasing sea levels.
Submergence of Coastal Areas: Rising sea levels result in the submergence and erosion of coastal areas. Low-lying islands and coastal regions are particularly vulnerable to increased flooding and the loss of land.
Climate:
Extreme Weather Events: Global warming intensifies the frequency and severity of extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, cyclones, and heat waves. Warmer ocean temperatures fuel the intensity of storms, leading to stronger winds and heavier rainfall.
Changes in Precipitation Patterns: Climate change alters precipitation patterns, resulting in shifts in rainfall distribution. Some areas may experience increased rainfall and flooding, while others may face more frequent droughts and water scarcity.
Changes in Temperature: Rising global temperatures lead to changes in temperature patterns worldwide. This includes higher average temperatures, heat waves, and increased frequency of hot days.
Ecological Disruption: Climate change affects ecosystems and biodiversity. Changes in temperature and rainfall patterns can impact the distribution and survival of plant and animal species, disrupting delicate ecological balance.