Answer:
d. George Washington.
Step-by-step explanation:
George Washington, the first President of the United States, set the precedent for the use of executive orders. While the term "executive order" was not explicitly used during his presidency, Washington issued a number of orders and directives that had the force of law and were implemented without congressional approval. These actions established the authority of the president to issue executive orders as a means to execute and enforce laws and policies.