Question

A 65-year-old Norwegian man presents with hematemesis. His past medical history includes alcohol abuse, tobacco use, Helicobacter pylori infection, heavy intake of smoked fish and diabetes mellitus. Endoscopic examination reveals a large pyloric mass. Which of the following is the most common cause of this type of gastric cancer?

ADiabetes mellitus

BHelicobacter pylori

CSmoked fish diet

DTobacco use

Answer 1

Option B, Helicobacter pylori, is the primary identified cause of and one of the risk factors for stomach cancers, being associated with two main classes of gastric cancer, though smoked foods and tobacco smoke are also considered to be risk factors for this disease (National Cancer Institute, 2013; Carucci, 2023).