Answer: Phonemes and allophones are linguistic concepts related to speech sounds.
Explanation: Phonemes are the basic units of sound that distinguish meaning in a particular language. They are small sound units that can create a difference in word meaning. For example, in English, the sounds /p/ and /b/ are distinct phonemes because changing one for the other changes the meaning of words like "pat" and "bat." On the other hand, allophones are variations of phonemes that do not change word meaning. They are different ways of pronouncing the same sound within a specific context or environment. For instance, the /p/ sound in "pat" and "spin" is aspirated at the beginning of a word but unaspirated in other positions.