1. Is a null hypothesis a statement about a parameter or a statistic?
c.) Could be either, depending on the context
The null hypothesis is a statement that is typically made about a parameter, which is a numerical characteristic of a population. However, in some cases, it can also be formulated as a statement about a statistic, which is a numerical characteristic calculated from a sample.
2. Is an alternative hypothesis a statement about a parameter or a statistic?
c.) Could be either, depending on the context
Similarly, the alternative hypothesis can be formulated as a statement about a parameter or a statistic, depending on the specific context of the hypothesis being tested. It represents an alternative explanation or claim to be considered when the null hypothesis is rejected.