Final answer:
To determine the missing amounts for each independent situation, calculate the available and ending inventory. Add the beginning inventory to the quantity produced to find the available inventory. Subtract the quantity sold from the available inventory to find the ending inventory.
Step-by-step explanation:
In order to determine the missing amounts for each independent situation, we need to calculate the available and ending inventory for each situation.
For situation a, the available inventory can be calculated by adding the beginning inventory to the quantity produced: 15,000 + 40,000 = 55,000. The ending inventory can be calculated by subtracting the quantity sold from the available inventory: 55,000 - 45,000 = 10,000.
For situation b, the available inventory can be calculated by adding the beginning inventory to the quantity produced: 12,000 + 32,000 = 44,000. The ending inventory can be calculated by subtracting the quantity sold from the available inventory: 44,000 - 23,000 = 21,000.
For situation c, the available inventory can be calculated by adding the beginning inventory to the quantity produced: 60,000. The ending inventory can be calculated by subtracting the quantity sold from the available inventory: 60,000 - 26,000 = 34,000.
For situation d, the available inventory can be calculated by adding the beginning inventory to the quantity produced: 15,000 + 62,000 = 77,000. The ending inventory can be calculated by subtracting the quantity sold from the available inventory: 77,000 - 7,000 = 70,000.