Anthropologists use regression formulas to estimate the height of individuals based on their skeletal remains. These formulas are based on statistical analyses of the relationship between different skeletal measurements and height.
An example of a regression formula used to estimate height is the Fully's formula, which is based on measurements of the femur bone. The formula is:
Height (in centimeters) = 64.97 + (2.04 x length of femur bone, in centimeters)
So, for example, if an anthropologist measures a femur bone that is 46 centimeters long, they can use the Fully's formula to estimate the height of the individual to whom the bone belonged:
Height = 64.97 + (2.04 x 46)
Height = 64.97 + 93.84
Height = 158.81 centimeters
Therefore, the estimated height of the individual based on the length of their femur bone is 158.81 centimeters, or approximately 5 feet 2 inches.
It is important to note that regression formulas are not always accurate and may have a margin of error. Additionally, factors such as sex, age, and ancestry can also affect the accuracy of height estimation based on skeletal remains. As such, multiple formulas and measurements are often used to get a more accurate estimate.