True. The statement "the plague significantly reduced the population of Europe" is true. The Black Death, a devastating epidemic caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis, swept through Europe in the 14th century, resulting in a significant decline in population. It is estimated that the Black Death caused the deaths of 75-200 million people in Eurasia, with Europe being particularly hard hit. The plague had a profound impact on European society, leading to social, economic, and cultural changes.