The trait that can roughly be described as a person's emotional stability is neuroticism. The Five-Factor Model (also known as the Big Five) is a widely accepted framework that categorizes personality traits into five dimensions.
Openness to experience: This trait reflects openness, curiosity, and willingness to explore various ideas and experiences.
Conscientiousness: This trait refers to a person's level of organization, responsibility, dependability, and goal-directed behavior.
Extraversion: This trait describes a person's sociability, assertiveness, and tendency to seek stimulation and enjoy others' company.
Agreeableness: This trait reflects a person's tendency to be cooperative, kind, empathetic, and considerate of others.
Neuroticism: This trait is associated with emotional stability. A person high in neuroticism may experience higher levels of negative emotions such as anxiety, mood swings, and vulnerability to stress.
Therefore, neuroticism is the trait that relates to emotional stability within the Five-Factor Model.