Question

which of the following is the ground-state electron configuration of pb? a. [xe]6s26d106p2 b. [xe]6s24f145d106p2 c. [xe]6s25f146d106p2 d. [xe]6s25d106p2

Answer 1

The ground-state electron configuration of lead (Pb) is [Xe]6s²4fµ145d±06p², which correlates with its placement on the periodic table and the energy levels of atomic orbitals.

Step-by-step explanation:

The ground-state electron configuration of lead (Pb) is given by option b. [Xe]6s²4fµ145d±06p². This represents lead in its most stable, or ground, state configuration. To understand why this is correct, we must look at the order in which electrons fill the orbitals. According to Hund's rule and the Aufbau principle, electrons fill the lowest energy orbitals first. After the [Xe] core, the electrons fill the 6s, 4f, 5d, and finally 6p orbitals. The given configuration shows that lead has the correct number of electrons in each of these orbitals corresponding to its position on the periodic table.

Answer 2

The ground-state electron configuration of lead (Pb) is [Xe]6s2 4f145d106p2. This follows the electron-filling order of the Aufbau principle, with xenon (Xe) as the nearest noble gas. So the correct option is B.

Step-by-step explanation:

The question asks for the ground-state electron configuration of lead (Pb). To find the correct option, we need to look at the choices provided and deduce which one matches the correct electron filling order following the Aufbau principle, Hund's rule, and the Pauli exclusion principle.

Lead (Pb) has an atomic number of 82. The nearest noble gas before lead is xenon (Xe), which has an atomic number of 54. From xenon, we would count up the electrons to lead:

• The 6s subshell will be filled with 2 electrons.
• Since lead is a post-transition metal, the 4f and 5d subshells will be filled next. The 4f subshell can accommodate 14 electrons and the 5d subshell can accommodate 10 electrons.
• Finally, the 6p subshell will have 2 electrons, as Pb is in the p-block of the periodic table.

Therefore, the ground-state electron configuration of Pb is [Xe]6s24f145d106p2, which corresponds to option B: [Xe]6s24f145d106p2.