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A bucket contains six white balls and five red balls. A sample of four balls is selected

at random from the bucket, without replacement. What is the probability that the
sample contains...
Exactly two white balls and two red balls?
At least two white balls?

1 Answer

4 votes

To solve this problem, we can use the formula for probability:

P(event) = number of favorable outcomes / total number of outcomes

First, let's find the total number of outcomes. We are selecting 4 balls from 11 without replacement, so the total number of outcomes is:

11C4 = (11!)/(4!(11-4)!) = 330

where nCr is the number of combinations of n things taken r at a time.

Now let's find the number of favorable outcomes for each part of the problem.

Part 1: Exactly two white balls and two red balls

To find the number of favorable outcomes for this part, we need to select 2 white balls out of 6 and 2 red balls out of 5. The number of ways to do this is:

6C2 * 5C2 = (6!)/(2!(6-2)!) * (5!)/(2!(5-2)!) = 15 * 10 = 150

So the probability of selecting exactly two white balls and two red balls is:

P(2W2R) = 150/330 = 0.45 (rounded to two decimal places)

Part 2: At least two white balls

To find the number of favorable outcomes for this part, we need to consider two cases: selecting 2 white balls and 2 red balls, or selecting 3 white balls and 1 red ball.

The number of ways to select 2 white balls and 2 red balls is the same as the number of favorable outcomes for Part 1, which is 150.

To find the number of ways to select 3 white balls and 1 red ball, we need to select 3 white balls out of 6 and 1 red ball out of 5. The number of ways to do this is:

6C3 * 5C1 = (6!)/(3!(6-3)!) * (5!)/(1!(5-1)!) = 20 * 5 = 100

So the total number of favorable outcomes for selecting at least two white balls is:

150 + 100 = 250

And the probability of selecting at least two white balls is:

P(at least 2W) = 250/330 = 0.76 (rounded to two decimal places)

answered
User Rajomato
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