At the time of the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the percentage of non-Russians in the newly formed country of Russia was 18.5%. This means that about 1 in 5 people in Russia was not ethnically Russian. The largest non-Russian groups were the Tatars (3.8%), Ukrainians (2.9%), Bashkirs (2.0%), Chuvash (1.2%), and Chechens (1.1%).
Since then, the percentage of non-Russians in Russia has declined slightly, to 17.8% in 2022. This is due to a number of factors, including the emigration of some non-Russians from Russia, and the higher birth rate of ethnic Russians.
The presence of a large number of non-Russians in Russia has been a source of both tension and diversity. On the one hand, some Russians have felt threatened by the presence of these groups, and have accused them of being disloyal to Russia. On the other hand, the presence of non-Russians has also enriched Russian culture and society.