Final answer:
The central properties of personality are that it reflects individual differences, is consistent and enduring over time, yet it can still be susceptible to change. The Five Factor Model is commonly used to describe these traits, which are stable but can be influenced by external factors.
Step-by-step explanation:
The student's question focuses on understanding the three central properties of personality. The correct answer that reflects these properties is A) personality reflects individual differences, personality is consistent and enduring, and personality can change. Personalities are unique to each individual, demonstrating individual differences, and are generally stable and enduring across time, indicating consistency. However, it is also acknowledged that personalities can and do change due to various factors including life experiences, environmental influences, and personal efforts at growth.
Research in evolutionary psychology emphasizes that individual differences in personality traits have evolved and can provide survival and reproductive advantages. The Five Factor Model, or "Big Five"—which includes conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness, and extraversion—is a widely accepted framework for understanding personality. These traits are thought to be stable over a person's lifespan but are not impervious to change, and the extent of these traits can be influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, such as culture.