In the new state charters, two rights pertaining to the democratic process denied to non-property-owning White men, White women, African Americans, and Indigenous peoples were:
Suffrage or the right to vote were denied
Legal rights or access to political participation were denied
How to explain
Suffrage or the right to vote was restricted to only land-owning White men, disenfranchising those without property ownership.
Legal rights or access to political participation were denied based on race, gender, and property ownership, excluding non-White men, women of all races, and Indigenous peoples from engaging in the democratic process, thereby limiting their participation in elections and governance.