Answer:
Algeria struggled to shift to self-rule successfully due to various factors, including political instability, a weak civil society, and a lack of experience in democratic governance. In addition, the country faced economic challenges and regional conflicts, which further complicated the transition to self-rule.
To prevent violence and instability during the transition, it would have been necessary to engage in a more inclusive and participatory political process, which would have allowed different groups to voice their concerns and interests. Additionally, economic reforms and efforts to address social inequality could have helped to build consensus and support for the transition.
In the last 20 years, Algeria has faced several obstacles, including ongoing political and economic instability, widespread corruption, and persistent social inequality. The country has struggled to diversify its economy and create jobs for its growing population, leading to high levels of unemployment and poverty. Additionally, the government has faced criticism for its handling of political dissent and human rights abuses. The country has also been affected by regional conflicts and the threat of terrorism, particularly in the wake of the Arab Spring protests.