B. By strengthening existing class structures.
Urbanization in African, Asian, and Latin American nations during the twentieth century was a result of industrialization and the growth of cities. It had a significant impact on the development of these nations, including:
- Strengthening existing class structure: As people moved to cities, class distinctions between the wealthy and the poor became more pronounced. Wealthy individuals and companies invested in urban infrastructure, further widening the gap between rich and poor.
- Impacts on literacy: Urbanization did not necessarily lead to a reduction in literacy rates, but increased urbanization in developing countries did pose challenges to providing educational opportunities to all citizens. Access to education was often limited, particularly for the urban poor.
- Effects on traditional values: Urbanization often led to the weakening of traditional cultural values and practices, as people were exposed to new ways of life and different cultures within cities.
Overall, urbanization had complex and varied effects on the development of African, Asian, and Latin American nations in the twentieth century, with impacts on social structures, education, and cultural norms.